Cov hosts file yog daim ntawv sau ua ke ntawm cov npe sau npe thiab chaw nyob IP. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm lub Windows operating system, nws yog ib cov ntaub ntawv npe hu ua tswv (tab sis tsis txuas ntxiv), feem ntau nyob hauv cov ntawv tais ceev tseg lwm yam.
Cov ntaub ntawv cov tswv
Cov ntawv thov cov ntaub ntawv xav tau yog li ntawd lub operating system tuaj yeem sau cov npe sau npe rau IP chaw nyob. Nws yog cov ntawv sau ua yooj yooj yim thiab rau lub Windows operating systems nws nyob hauv lub system32 / drivers / etc / nplaub tshev. Qee zaum nws qhov chaw tau rov txiav txim siab los ntawm kev sau npe. Rau Mac OS, cov hom ntaub ntawv feem ntau nyob ntawm / ntiag tug / thiab lwm yam.
Yog tias koj qhib lub hosts ntawv nrog notepad, koj tuaj yeem pom cov ntawv nkag mus hauv qab no hauv nws:
127.0.0.1 localhost
Nws txhais tau tias koj lub khoos phis tawj muaj IP chaw ntawm 127.0.0.1. Qhov chaw tus IP no tau muab rau txhua lub computer hauv tsev - cov txheej txheem no hu ua "loop hauv". Nws tso cai rau cov programs programs ua haujlwm raug cai thaum ntsia hauv tib lub khoos kas tib neeg cov kev pabcuam.
Hloov kho qhov chaw cov ntaub ntawv
Los ntawm kev hloov pauv cov hom cov ntaub ntawv, koj tuaj yeem thaiv kev nkag mus rau cov xaib lossis xa tus neeg siv mus rau IP chaw nyob dua li cov uas muaj npe nyob hauv DNS system.
Piv txwv li, cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no yuav rov qab mus rau lub computer tag nrho cov kev thov xa mus rau microsoft.com sau:
127.0.0.1 microsoft.com
Thiab cov ntawv nkag mus tom ntej yuav hloov tus neeg siv uas ntaus qhov chaw nyob "google.com" nyob rau hauv chaw nyob ntawm kab ntawv txuas mus rau Yandex tshawb nrhiav cov cav (IP 77.88.21.11 belongs rau Yandex):
77.88.21.11 google.com
Hosts file thiab scammers
Cov neeg tawm tsam qee zaum siv hom kev hloov kho no. Lawv kis tau rau lub khoos phis tawm nrog tus kab mob uas hloov chaw "haiv neeg" chaw ua haujlwm nrog tus uas tsim los ntawm lub nyiag. Nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv zoo li no, chaw nyob ntawm txhua tus neeg nyiam tshawb nrhiav, kev xa ntawv thiab kev sib raug zoo feem ntau tau rov txhais rau tus IP ntawm cov chaw tswj hwm los ntawm tus neeg tawm tsam. Tus neeg siv tsis pom qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw tiag tiag thiab tus qauv cuav thiab qhia rau hackers nws cov ntaub ntawv ntiag tug, password, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias koj pom kev pom txawv hauv cov ntawv thov hauv koj lub khoos phis tawm (cov npe ntawm kev tshawb fawb, kev pabcuam pej xeem, kev xa ntawv, kev sib txuas lus tam sim ntawd, thiab lwm yam), tshem cov kab tam sim no.
Txhawm rau tiv thaiv cov neeg siv los ntawm hom kev dag ntxias no, ntau cov software tsim tawm tso cov program uas thaiv cov file hosts los ntawm kev hloov pauv lossis ceeb toom rau tus neeg siv tam sim no txog cov kev hloov no. Piv txwv li, ntau lub foob pob hluav taws pub dawb muaj qhov zoo li no.
